Throwing Techniques
Neomgigi Kisul - 넘기기 기술

While it is primarily a striking focused martial art, Kukkiwon Taekwondo possesses techniques which are used to throw, trip, sweep and reap the opponent off balance - you will find these techniques listed as Neomgigi 넘기기 (“Nuhm-Gee-Gee”) in the Kukkiwon textbook as well as in the technique section of their official website.

Takedowns and throws in Kukkiwon Taekwondo clearly take heed from a very small selection of the 五教 Gokyo — the 40 throws of Kodokan Judo (고도칸 유도 / 講道館 柔道) which is a highly effective system of throwing a resisting opponent, and is also a sport of the Summer Olympic Games.

五教の技 Gokyo No Waza translates to “Five Sets Of Techniques”, with each set containing 8 waza. In Korean it is called 오교의 기술 Ogyoui Kisul (“Oh-G’yoh-Wee Kee-Sool“)

Fun trivia: Taekwondo also derives its Geup/Dan belt rank system from Kano Jigoro (가노 지고로 / 嘉納 治五郎) and his distillation of Jujutsu into Judo.

    1. Deashi Harai (or Barai) 出足払
      Forward Foot Sweep

    2. Hiza Guruma 膝車
      Knee Wheel

    3. Sasae Tsurikomi Ashi 支釣込足
      Lifting Pulling Ankle Block

    4. Uki Goshi 浮腰
      Floating Hip Throw

    5. O Soto Gari 大外刈
      Big Outer Reap

    6. O Goshi 大腰
      Big Hip Throw

    7. O Uchi Gari 大内刈
      Big Inner Reap

    8. Seoi Nage 背負投
      Shoulder Throw

    1. Ko Soto Gari 小外刈
      Small Outer Reap

    2. Ko Uchi Gari 小内刈
      Small Inner Reap

    3. Koshi Guruma 腰車
      Hip Wheel

    4. Tsurikomi Goshi 釣込腰
      Lifting & Pulling Hip Throw

    5. Okuriashi Harai 送足払
      Sliding Foot Sweep

    6. Tai Otoshi 体落
      Body Drop

    7. Harai Goshi 払腰
      Sweeping Hip Throw

    8. Uchi Mata 内股
      Inner Thigh Throw

    1. Ko Soto Gake 小外掛
      Small Outer Hook

    2. Tsuri Goshi 釣腰
      Lifting Hip Throw

    3. Yoko Otoshi 横落
      Side Drop

    4. Ashi Guruma 足車
      Leg Wheel

    5. Hane Goshi 跳腰
      Spring Hip Throw

    6. Harai Tsurikomi Ashi 払釣込足
      Lifting Pulling Hip Sweep

    7. Tomoe Nage 巴投
      Circle Throw

    8. Kata Guruma 肩車
      Shoulder Wheel

    1. Sumi Gaeshi 隅返
      Corner Reversal

    2. Tani Otoshi 谷落
      Valley Drop

    3. Hane Makikomi 跳巻込
      Springing Wrap Around Throw

    4. Sukui Nage 掬投
      Scoop Throw

    5. Utsuri Goshi 移腰
      Shifting Hip Throw

    6. O Guruma 大車
      Large Wheel

    7. O Soto Makikomi 大外巻込
      Big Outer Wrap Around

    8. Uki Otoshi 浮落
      Floating Drop

    1. O Soto Guruma 大外車
      Big Outer Wheel

    2. Uki Waza 浮技
      Floating Technique

    3. Yoko Wakare 横分
      Side Separation

    4. Yoko Guruma 横車
      Side Wheel

    5. Ushiro Goshi 後腰
      Rear Hip Throw

    6. Ura Nage 裏投
      Rear Throw

    7. Sumi Otoshi 隅落
      Corner Drop

    8. Yoko Gake 横掛
      Side Hook

(Click to expand)

  • 大 - O - Big

    小 - Ko - Small

    外 - Soto - Outside

    内 - Uchi - Inside

    横 - Yoko - Side

    投 - Nage - Throw

    掛 - Gake - Hook

    刈 - Gari - Reap

    足 - Harai - Sweep

    釣 - Tsuri - Lifting

    込 - Komi - Pulling

    車 - Guruma - Wheel

    落 - Otoshi - Drop

    体 - Tai - Body

    腰 - Goshi - Hip

    膝 - Hiza - Knee

    足 - Ashi - Foot

    釣 - Tsuri - Lifting

    込 - Komi - Pulling

    巻込 - Makikomi - Wraparound

    返 - Gaeshi - Reversal

Techniques are kept simple and are by no means meant to serve as a complete submission grappling system.

These techniques are not permitted under the Olympic Kyorugi rule set and will result in a penalty.

These techniques are permitted under the Open Kyorugi rule set which advanced students at NB TKD Academy receive training in.

Each throw has three main phases, using Japanese terminology from Kodokan Judo they are:

  1. 崩し / Kuzushi / Off Balancing The Opponent

  2. 作り / Tsukuri / Preparing The Throw

  3. 掛け / Kake / Executing The Throw

The Golden Rule:
To get someone to fall over you need to move their center of gravity outside of their base in a way where they cannot readjust.

The center of gravity is not a fixed place, it moves as the person moves. The most efficient way to off balance the opponent is to disrupt their center of gravity perpendicular relative to the angle of their feet.

There are 4 ways to prevent one’s opponent from readjusting their center of base:

  1. Block the path of their foot

  2. Lift their feet off of the floor

  3. Disrupt their posture

  4. Disrupt their consciousness

Text which is grey and italicized within quotation marks is roughly how to pronounce the technique name, *not* how it is actually spelled.

Sweeping Hip Throw
Heori Hurigi
허리후리기
“Huh-Lee Hoo-Lee-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Harai Goshi 払腰

Major Hip Throw
Heori Kkyeo Chigi
허리 껴치기
“Huh-Lee K’yoh Chih-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: O Goshi 大腰

Major Outer Reap
Bat Dali Hurigi
밭 다리 후리기
“Baht Dah-Lee Hoo-Lee-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: O Soto Gari 大外刈

Minor Outer Reap
Bal Dwichug Huligi
발 뒤축 후리기
“Bahl Dwee-Choog Hoo-Lee-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Kosoto Gari 小外刈
Kukkiwon calls this 허리 잡고 다리 걸어 넘기기 / Heoli Jabgo Dali Geoleo Neomgigi (“Huh-Lee Jahb-Goh Dah-Lee Nuhm-Gee-Gee“).

Inner Thigh Throw
Heobeog Dali Geolgi
허벅 다리 걸기
“Huh-Bohg Dah-Lee Guhl-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Uchi Mata 内股

Double Leg Takedown
Deureo Neomgigi
들어 넘기기
“Doo-Ruh Nuhm-Gee-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Morote Gari 双手刈

Single Leg Takedown
Dali Deureo Neomgigi
다리 들어 넘기기
“Dah-Lee Doo-Ruh Nuhm-Gee-Gee”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Kuchiki Taoshi 朽木倒

Breakfalls
Nagbeob - 낙법

Forward Breakfall
Jeonbang Nagbeob
전방 낙법
“Juhn-Bahng Nahg-Buhb”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Mae Ukemi 前 受身

Side Breakfall
Cheugbang Nagbeob
측방 낙법
“Choog-Bahng Nahg-Buhb”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Yoko Ukemi 横受け身

Backward Breakfall
Hubang Nagbeob
후방 낙법
“Hoo-Bahng Nahg-Buhb”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Koho Ukemi 後方受け身

Rolling Breakfall
Hoejeon Nagbeob
회전 낙법
“H’way-Juhn Nahg-Buhb”

Judo 유도 Equivalent: Tobi Ukemi 飛び受け身

嘉納 治五郎 Kano Jigoro
(1860 - 1938)